Here, Korean TOPIK summarizes all the Korean Grammar in Use: Intermediate Online Lessons with 90 Units so that you can keep tracks of your study easily. Click on the title of each unit to start studying.
L2G01-G07: Expressing Supposition or Intention
L2G01 A-아/어 보이다 grammar = looks likes, seems like..~guess based on outward appearance
L2G02 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다 grammar = it seems, I guess...~guess a situation after observation
L2G03 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ텐데 grammar= should, would, suppose….so/but....~express an expected future situation
L2G04 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ 테니까 grammar = because…., so it would… ~give reason for suggestion.
L2G05 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ걸요 grammar = it is probably, I think, I bet....~give assumption based on backup knowledge.
L2G06 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 줄 몰랐다 [알았다] grammar = I didn't know [I thought that]
L2G07 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ지도 모르다 grammar = might, may, likely…~express that something may happen
L2G08-G10: Expressing Contrast
L2G08 A/V-기는 하지만, -기는 -지만 grammar = but (I think)...~express contrast but emphasize 2nd clause
L2G09 A/V-(으)ㄴ/는 반면에 grammar = …, but…. ; while…. ~express opposite situations
L02G10 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는데도 grammar = although..., despite..., but ~emphasize a contrast
L2G11-G17: Expressing Reasons
L2G11 A/V/N-거든요 grammar = because... ~express reasons that listener has no idea about
L2G12 A/V/N-잖아요 grammar = as you know/ recall...~remind something that listener forgot/unaware or scold for not following advice
L2G13 V-느라고 grammar = because…, I couldn't... ~give reason for a negative consequence.
L2G14 V-는 바람에 grammar = …as a result ~give an unexpected reason for a negative consequence
L2G15 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는 탓에 grammar = due to, because ~give reason for negative consequence
L2G16 A/V/N-고 해서 grammar = so, because (among all)... ~give a reason among other reasons for doing action
L2G17 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ까 봐 grammar = I am worried/ afraid that…~express concern about something.
L2G18-G22: Expressing intention or resolution
L2G18 V-(으)ㄹ까 하다 grammar = I am thinking of/ planning to ~give vague intention or uncertain plan
L2G19 V-고자 grammar = ...to do ~express intention to do action
L2G20 V-(으)려던 참이다 grammar = was just about to ..., was in the middle of …
L2G21 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 -(ㅇ)ㄹ 겸/ N 겸 grammar = … and also…~express 2+ intentions to do something
L2G22 V-아/어야지요 grammar = will do, have to do... ~express strong intention like a promise to oneself or decision to do thing
L2G23-G25: Giving Advice or Recommendations
L2G24 V-도록 하다 grammar = please (be sure)… ~suggest or instruct sth to someone
L2G25 V-지 그래요? grammar = why not, why don't… ~suggest someone to do something
L2G26-G28: Expressing Recollections
L2G26 V-던 grammar = be used to…~recollect a past habit or repeated behavior
L2G27 A/V/N-더라고요 grammar = (I directly saw/heard that) ~recollect something with witness.
L2G28 A/V/N-던데요 grammar = I saw/felt/surprised that... ~express contradiction to one’s speaking or surprise to something
L2G29-G31: Passive Form
L2G29 단어 피동 (-이/히/리/기) grammar = to be V-ed...~(irregular) passive verbs
L2G30 V-아/어지다 grammar = to get V-ed…~ another passive form
L2G31 V-게 되다 grammar = get V-ed, come to V…~passive form without subject’s will
L2G32-G33: Causative Form
L2G32 단어 사동 (-이/히/리/기/우/추-) grammar = make sb/sth do something...~causative verbs
L2G33 A/V-게 하다 grammar = make someone do something…~causative verbs
L2G34-G35: Expressing Conditions
L2G34 A/V/N-아/어야 grammar = (have to, must) do A so B can….~express a condition to realize something
L2G35 A/V/N-거든 grammar = if (something is true), then… ~conditional statement in casual conversation
L2G36-G39: Expressing Additional Information
L2G36 A/V/N-(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라 grammar = not only… but also...
L2G37 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는 데다가 grammar = additionally.../not only…but also….
L2G38 N-조차 grammar = even …~ “not only the others but also the primary one”
L2G39 N-만 해도 grammar = just…alone, even just...~provide examples to explain a previous statement
L2G40-G41: Expressing Mid-Action
L2G40 V-는 길에 grammar = on the way, while going…~doing something while going somewhere.
L2G41 V-다가 grammar = and then…~interruption of one action to do another immediately
L2G42-G44: Expressing Degree
L2G42 A/V-(으)ㄹ 정도로 grammar = (to the extent) that…~express degree of an action
L2G43 N-만 하다 grammar = as...as, about the size of….~compare the size or degree of something to another
L2G44 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는/ㄹ 만큼 grammar = as much as, to the extent … ~indicating an action/state is similar/ equivalent to another
L2G45-G49: Expressing Choice
L2G45-G49: Expressing Choice
L2G45 아무나/아무도 grammar = anyone /nobody...~anywhere, anytime, nowhere, nothing
L2G46 N-(이)나 grammar = N or something…~express an acceptable option without any specific preference in mind.
L2G47 N-(이)라도 grammar = even N/ N or something ~choose 2nd best choice if the best isn't available
L2G48 A/V/N-든지 든지 grammar = whether/either … or…~expressing any choices are fine
L2G49 A/V/N-(ㅇ)ㄴ/는 대신에 grammar = instead of/ (compensate for) …~compensate or replace something by another
L2G50-G53: Expressing Time Order Behavior
L2G50 N 만에 grammar = after (a certain time)...~ a duration of time that has passed after an event started
L2G51 V-아/어 가지고 grammar = and (then)...~indicate time order of 2 actions or more
L2G52 V-아/어다가 grammar = and then…~time order of 2 actions occurring in different places.
L2G53 V-고서 grammar = and then…~time order of 2 actions
L2G54-G60: Expressing Discoveries & Results
L2G54 V-고 보니 grammar = after finishing something, you realize that...
L2G55 V-다 보니 grammar = while doing sth or after doing sth continuously, you come to...
L2G56 V-다 보면 grammar = If you keep doing, then...
L2G57 A/V/N-더니 grammar = and now…~state a reason for changes witnessed in the past
L2G58 V-았/었더니 grammar = so now, and as a result…~express cause-and-effect
L2G59 A/V-다가는 grammar = if you keep doing, then a negative outcome will occur
L2G60 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다 grammar = you could say, it's practically….~something is more or less similar
L2G61-G64: Expressing States of Being
L2G61 V-아/어 놓다 grammar = do V beforehand/ keep V-ing…
L2G46 N-(이)나 grammar = N or something…~express an acceptable option without any specific preference in mind.
L2G47 N-(이)라도 grammar = even N/ N or something ~choose 2nd best choice if the best isn't available
L2G48 A/V/N-든지 든지 grammar = whether/either … or…~expressing any choices are fine
L2G49 A/V/N-(ㅇ)ㄴ/는 대신에 grammar = instead of/ (compensate for) …~compensate or replace something by another
L2G50-G53: Expressing Time Order Behavior
L2G50 N 만에 grammar = after (a certain time)...~ a duration of time that has passed after an event started
L2G51 V-아/어 가지고 grammar = and (then)...~indicate time order of 2 actions or more
L2G52 V-아/어다가 grammar = and then…~time order of 2 actions occurring in different places.
L2G53 V-고서 grammar = and then…~time order of 2 actions
L2G54-G60: Expressing Discoveries & Results
L2G54 V-고 보니 grammar = after finishing something, you realize that...
L2G55 V-다 보니 grammar = while doing sth or after doing sth continuously, you come to...
L2G56 V-다 보면 grammar = If you keep doing, then...
L2G57 A/V/N-더니 grammar = and now…~state a reason for changes witnessed in the past
L2G58 V-았/었더니 grammar = so now, and as a result…~express cause-and-effect
L2G59 A/V-다가는 grammar = if you keep doing, then a negative outcome will occur
L2G60 A/V/N-(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다 grammar = you could say, it's practically….~something is more or less similar
L2G61-G64: Expressing States of Being
L2G61 V-아/어 놓다 grammar = do V beforehand/ keep V-ing…
L2G62 V-아/어 두다 grammar = keep V-ing/ do V in advance…~often use to describe storage or saving of sth
L2G63 V-(으)ㄴ 채로 grammar = while... ~action occurs while in the state of a situation
L2G65-G67: Expressing Characteristics
L2G68-G70: Expressing Emphasis
L2G73-G76: Expressing Completion
L2G77-G78: Expressing Futility
L2G79-G81: Expressing Hypothesis
L2G79 A/V/N-(느)ㄴ다면 grammar = If...., I will/ would... ~ type 1 & 3 of conditional sentence.
L2G80 A/V/N-았/었더라면 grammar = If I had…,I would have…~type 3 of conditional sentence.
L2G81 V-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 grammar = I almost…~indicate something almost happened but did not
L2G79 A/V/N-(느)ㄴ다면 grammar = If...., I will/ would... ~ type 1 & 3 of conditional sentence.
L2G80 A/V/N-았/었더라면 grammar = If I had…,I would have…~type 3 of conditional sentence.
L2G81 V-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 grammar = I almost…~indicate something almost happened but did not
L2G82-G83: Expressing Regret
L2G82 V-(으)ㄹ걸 그랬다 grammar = I should/would have....~regret about something better than what was actually done
L02G83 A/V-았/었어야 했는데 grammar = I should have…~regret something should have done but did not.
L2G84-G86: Expressing Habits
L2G84 V-곤 하다 grammar = from time to time/ used to…~indicate a habit of present or past
L2G85 A/V/N-기는요 grammar = Not really, no need to…~politely disagree with one’s statement
L2G86 A/V/N-은/ㄴ/는 척하다 grammar = pretend to, act like, act as if...
L2G87-G90: Citing Someone's Speech or Writing
L2G87 A/V/N-다고요? grammar = did you say… clarify or reconfirm what a person has just said
L2G88 A/V/N-다고 하던데 grammar = I heard from someone that...~recall something you heard previously from somebody
L2G89 A/V/N-다면서요? grammar = is it true that... ~confirm something you’ve heard or learned before
L2G90 A/V/N-다니요? grammar = (Surprise)...really?...~express speaker’s surprise or disbelief while repeating what someone said
<End of the Korean Grammar in Use Intermediate>
